High potential current unidirectional system and method



Maren 21, 1933. HQ n, GARRETSON 1,902,227

HIGH POTENTIAL CURRENT UNIDIRECTIONAL SYSTEM AND METHOD Filed Sept. 20,1928 I UWA-5s 10075/107571- 4T/:LATE //A .f TEA NJFo/e MEE po TEN 77A LA T PLA TE 9 PLATE 7. l V

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ATTO N EY Patented Mar. 21, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENTk OFFICE'.

HARRY D. GARRETSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HARRY F. WAITE, OF

. NEW YORK, N. Y.

HIGH POTENTIAL CURRENT UNIDERECTIONAL SYSTEM AND METHOD Application ledSeptember 20, 1928.

The object of my invention is to provide a system of this class with asimple, reliable,

durable and compact apparatus which may be employed wherever a highpotential is needed as inX-ray work. This object is accomplished by myinvention, one embodiment of which is hereinafter more particularly setforth. y For a more detailed description of my invention, reference isto be had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part hereof, in whichFigure 1 is a diagram of one embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 shows the relationship between the input and outputcharacteristic, potential curves.

My improved system 1 has a step-up transformer 2 with its primary 3connected to any 20suitable source of power and its secondary 4 `39 ofthe system and may be connected to an X-ray tube or other suitableapparatus.

The wire 12 is also connected to the cathode 15 of a high potential hotcathode valve tube, such as a kenotron tube 16, and this hot cathode issupplied with a heating current ,through a step-down transformer 17 andthe wires 18 and 19, and in the conventional manner. The anode 20 ofthis tube 16 is connected by a wire 21 with a meter 22 which has 4 awire 23 running to the ground wire 5.

In a similar manner, thewire 14 runs to the anode 24 of a kenotron tube25 which has its hot cathode 26 connected by wires 27 and 28 to thesecondary of a step-down transformer 29 which functions normally, andthe wire 27 is also connected to the wire 5.

For illustrative purposes an X-ray tube 30 of the conventional hotcathode type is shown with connections 81 and 32 which run from sa theWire 12 to the wire 14, the former to the Serial No. 307,113.

anode and the latter tothe cathode. The connections 32 include a currentsupplying means 33 for the hot cathode.

In view of the foregoing, the operation of my improved system will bereadily understood. Assuming that a power current enters the primary 3in the transformer 2, in-the conventional manner, a correspondingsecondary current is induced in the secondary 4 which has say apotential of 100,000 volts. This will first be described on theassumption that the charge at the left end of this secondary 4 isnegative and the right end is positive. At this time the valve tubespermit a flow of current in the direction shown b the arrows. Thencondenser plates 11 and 13 are both at ground potential.

Now assume that the transformer has reversed its potential so thatcondenser plates 7 and 9 are positive and negative respectively. Thisisa change from 50,000 volts negative to 50,000 volts positive for plate 7and from 50,000 volts positive to 50,000 volts negative for plate 9.This is a change of 100,000 volts on each plate. The opposing plates 11and 75 13 experience a corresponding change by electrostatic inductions,that is, plate 11 which was at ground. or zero potential now becomes100,000 volts positive potenti-al and plate 13 becomes 100,000 voltsnegative potential. Therefore, as these opposite charges occur they`find an immediate outlet through the tube 30 and thereby cause it tofunction, the circuit being from theY plate 11 to the wire 12 thencethrough the wire 31, tube 30, wires 32, wire 14 to plate 13. This cycleof operation is indenitely repeated in the functioning of the apparatus,the potential of the positive side never falling below Zero and risingto twice the positive potential ofthe step-up transformer. It isunderstood that the negative side has a corresponding wave which neverrises above the neutral line,but it is not necessary to show this as itis necessarily implied'. y 9U In the foregoing description, no drop inpotential has been mentioned or referred to. Of course, when a. currentis drawn from a system there is a slight drop which will depend on thecapacity of the condensers and the resistance encountered. In ractice,this drop-has been found to be some ing like ten i Ywhen largeoondensers are employed withA conductors. The voltages g are correctwhen no current y th f y `vX-ray tnbe er other de- 1,7.. n wf'. pf* myinvention `may of the tto voltage a gi.A `groumi oraereeyoltage.

C condenser withstands only one total voltage. Y

" s` "mscrvnwwbewimandsoniy one- *f-earns am vom@ j f direct current"meter-I rcan measure S ncnent-at a grounded nentalpoint.

Y ..Vr ,y mhehet catbbdof each valve tube is passing a'current on 5bdimentom "invention, itis obvious that it' v`thereto, bu'tfthat it ishridfenough to Ycover all embodiments that the of the'annexed claims.

f f generatinga g n- Y titi, unidirectional, 'pulsating current which vv consietsin simultaneously'generating a rst l high'fpotenti'al betweentwo terminals, said u charging aconden'serhat each tenni- 'nal to'a fxedthen reversing said tial'to Aadd to said condenser poiwhereb `upondischarge a current H i in one `rection onlyvfrom the con- 4 nid currentbeing p at a higher Y man han ma sra high potential.

e apparatus lfor generating a high sf; v potential, uni-directionalcurrent composed of 'a/step-.up having a grounded wire*V theneutralpoint vof its secondary, one plate of each condenser betooppositeterniinals of the af, y. e of the -up transformer, potenti ,hotcath e valveytubes connecti g te@ ether pim-ef aid meeneem with t feneutral wire, 'theaeaid l'valves being cont electrically inseriestopermit the flow or a ciment in one direction only, and means n which thevcurrent may be paed p Us p- @Brent compod of ..fstepwtip erh'aving vagrounded Y. atthe neutpigpointofpxts secondary, w: 'one of eachcondenser be- `reenacted terminals of the 'f :y1-'up transformer, high A"valvetubes connectother plates ofjsaid eondensers with @5 the' Aneutralwvire zvalves connected electrically in series to rmit a dow of current1n one direction on y, a meter in circuit with said valves n the neutralpoint between Y them and means throughv whlch a current beuassed whenthe system is above zero may potent 4. apparatus forpotentiaLum-directional current composed of rl Steg-PPtransformersssssers 09s P11 0f eac condenser beingl he e ed terminals ofthe secondary transformer, and y' i valve tubes connectlng 'eotheleondensers, the said valves being connected in electrical series topermit the ow of acura rent in one direetononlyand means' which thecurrent zero potential. a y u In testimony whereof, I have hereunto it'my hand this 18th d? of Septem 1928. f r HARB D; GARRE H.

.of the step-up" may be nhenabcn; yi; Il

